Finalise support for Numpy 2.0

This commit brings the Qiskit test suite to a passing state (with all
optionals installed) with Numpy 2.0.0b1, building on previous commits
that handled much of the rest of the changing requirements:

- gh-10890
- gh-10891
- gh-10892
- gh-10897
- gh-11023

Notably, this commit did not actually require a rebuild of Qiskit,
despite us compiling against Numpy; it seems to happen that the C API
stuff we use via `rust-numpy` (which loads the Numpy C extensions
dynamically during module initialisation) hasn't changed.

Author: jakelishman

qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py

@@ -163,8 +163,17 @@ def __init__(self, data, validate=True, copy=True):
 
         # Initialize StabilizerTable directly from the data
         else:
-            if isinstance(data, (list, np.ndarray)) and np.asarray(data, dtype=bool).ndim == 2:
-                data = np.array(data, dtype=bool, copy=copy)
+            if (
+                isinstance(data, (list, np.ndarray))
+                and (data_asarray := np.asarray(data, dtype=bool)).ndim == 2
+            ):
+                # This little dance is to avoid Numpy 1/2 incompatiblities between the availability
+                # and meaning of the 'copy' argument in 'array' and 'asarray', when the input needs
+                # its dtype converting.  'asarray' prefers to return 'self' if possible in both.
+                if copy and data_asarray is data:
+                    data = data_asarray.copy()
+                else:
+                    data = data_asarray
                 if data.shape[0] == data.shape[1]:
                     self.tableau = self._stack_table_phase(
                         data, np.zeros(data.shape[0], dtype=bool)

qiskit/visualization/array.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def _num_to_latex(raw_value, decimals=15, first_term=True, coefficient=False):
     """
     import sympy  # runtime import
 
-    raw_value = np.around(raw_value, decimals=decimals)
+    raw_value = np.around(raw_value, decimals=decimals).item()
     value = sympy.nsimplify(raw_value, rational=False)
 
     if isinstance(value, sympy.core.numbers.Rational) and value.denominator > 50:

releasenotes/notes/numpy-2.0-2f3e35bd42c48518.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+features:
+  - |
+    This release of Qiskit finalizes support for NumPy 2.0.  Qiskit will continue to support both
+    Numpy 1.x and 2.x for the foreseeable future.

requirements.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 rustworkx>=0.14.0
-numpy>=1.17,<2
+numpy>=1.17,<3
 scipy>=1.5
 sympy>=1.3
 dill>=0.3
 python-dateutil>=2.8.0
 stevedore>=3.0.0
 typing-extensions
-symengine>=0.11
+symengine>=0.11