feat(Snapcraft): move parts lifecycle into a reference

Author: Sophie-Pages

snapcraft/reference/parts-lifecycle.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Parts lifecycle
+
+Each part is composed of five steps, known as the "lifecycle":
+
+| Step | Purpose | Directory | Command |
+| ----------- | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- |
+| 1. **Pull** | Download or retrieve the components' sources and external dependencies needed to build the part. | Components' sources and external dependencies are put in CRAFT_PART_**SRC**. | `snapcraft pull [<part-name>]` |
+| 2. **Build** | Build the components from the previously pulled sources. | Build the sources in CRAFT_PART_**BUILD** and places the result in CRAFT_PART_**INSTALL** | `snapcraft build [<part-name>]` |
+| 3. **Stage** | Copy the built components into the staging area. | The built components are put in CRAFT_**STAGE**. | `snapcraft stage [<part-name>]` |
+| 4. **Prime** | Copy the staged components into the priming area. | The staged components are put in CRAFT_**PRIME**. | `snapcraft prime [<part-name>]` |
+| 5. **Pack** | Take the contents of the prime directory and pack it into a snap. | The snap is put in CRAFT_PROJECT_**DIR**. | `snapcraft pack or snapcraft` |