token.rs

// Copyright 2012-2013 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.

pub use self::BinOpToken::*;
pub use self::Nonterminal::*;
pub use self::DelimToken::*;
pub use self::Lit::*;
pub use self::Token::*;

use ast::{self};
use parse::ParseSess;
use print::pprust;
use ptr::P;
use serialize::{Decodable, Decoder, Encodable, Encoder};
use symbol::keywords;
use syntax::parse::parse_stream_from_source_str;
use syntax_pos::{self, Span, FileName};
use tokenstream::{TokenStream, TokenTree};
use tokenstream;

use std::{cmp, fmt};
use std::mem;
use rustc_data_structures::sync::{Lrc, Lock};

#[derive(Clone, RustcEncodable, RustcDecodable, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, Copy)]
pub enum BinOpToken {
    Plus,
    Minus,
    Star,
    Slash,
    Percent,
    Caret,
    And,
    Or,
    Shl,
    Shr,
}

/// A delimiter token
#[derive(Clone, RustcEncodable, RustcDecodable, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, Copy)]
pub enum DelimToken {
    /// A round parenthesis: `(` or `)`
    Paren,
    /// A square bracket: `[` or `]`
    Bracket,
    /// A curly brace: `{` or `}`
    Brace,
    /// An empty delimiter
    NoDelim,
}

impl DelimToken {
    pub fn len(self) -> usize {
        if self == NoDelim { 0 } else { 1 }
    }

    pub fn is_empty(self) -> bool {
        self == NoDelim
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, RustcEncodable, RustcDecodable, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, Copy)]
pub enum Lit {
    Byte(ast::Name),
    Char(ast::Name),
    Integer(ast::Name),
    Float(ast::Name),
    Str_(ast::Name),
    StrRaw(ast::Name, u16), /* raw str delimited by n hash symbols */
    ByteStr(ast::Name),
    ByteStrRaw(ast::Name, u16), /* raw byte str delimited by n hash symbols */
}

impl Lit {
    pub fn short_name(&self) -> &'static str {
        match *self {
            Byte(_) => "byte",
            Char(_) => "char",
            Integer(_) => "integer",
            Float(_) => "float",
            Str_(_) | StrRaw(..) => "string",
            ByteStr(_) | ByteStrRaw(..) => "byte string"
        }
    }

    // See comments in `interpolated_to_tokenstream` for why we care about
    // *probably* equal here rather than actual equality
    fn probably_equal_for_proc_macro(&self, other: &Lit) -> bool {
        mem::discriminant(self) == mem::discriminant(other)
    }
}

pub(crate) fn ident_can_begin_expr(ident: ast::Ident, is_raw: bool) -> bool {
    let ident_token: Token = Ident(ident, is_raw);

    !ident_token.is_reserved_ident() ||
    ident_token.is_path_segment_keyword() ||
    [
        keywords::Do.name(),
        keywords::Box.name(),
        keywords::Break.name(),
        keywords::Continue.name(),
        keywords::False.name(),
        keywords::For.name(),
        keywords::If.name(),
        keywords::Loop.name(),
        keywords::Match.name(),
        keywords::Move.name(),
        keywords::Return.name(),
        keywords::True.name(),
        keywords::Unsafe.name(),
        keywords::While.name(),
        keywords::Yield.name(),
        keywords::Static.name(),
    ].contains(&ident.name)
}

fn ident_can_begin_type(ident: ast::Ident, is_raw: bool) -> bool {
    let ident_token: Token = Ident(ident, is_raw);

    !ident_token.is_reserved_ident() ||
    ident_token.is_path_segment_keyword() ||
    [
        keywords::Underscore.name(),
        keywords::For.name(),
        keywords::Impl.name(),
        keywords::Fn.name(),
        keywords::Unsafe.name(),
        keywords::Extern.name(),
        keywords::Typeof.name(),
    ].contains(&ident.name)
}

pub fn is_path_segment_keyword(id: ast::Ident) -> bool {
    id.name == keywords::Super.name() ||
    id.name == keywords::SelfValue.name() ||
    id.name == keywords::SelfType.name() ||
    id.name == keywords::Extern.name() ||
    id.name == keywords::Crate.name() ||
    id.name == keywords::CrateRoot.name() ||
    id.name == keywords::DollarCrate.name()
}

// We see this identifier in a normal identifier position, like variable name or a type.
// How was it written originally? Did it use the raw form? Let's try to guess.
pub fn is_raw_guess(ident: ast::Ident) -> bool {
    ident.name != keywords::Invalid.name() &&
    is_reserved_ident(ident) && !is_path_segment_keyword(ident)
}

// Returns true for reserved identifiers used internally for elided lifetimes,
// unnamed method parameters, crate root module, error recovery etc.
pub fn is_special_ident(id: ast::Ident) -> bool {
    id.name <= keywords::Underscore.name()
}

/// Returns `true` if the token is a keyword used in the language.
pub fn is_used_keyword(id: ast::Ident) -> bool {
    id.name >= keywords::As.name() && id.name <= keywords::While.name()
}

/// Returns `true` if the token is a keyword reserved for possible future use.
pub fn is_unused_keyword(id: ast::Ident) -> bool {
    id.name >= keywords::Abstract.name() && id.name <= keywords::Yield.name()
}

/// Returns `true` if the token is either a special identifier or a keyword.
pub fn is_reserved_ident(id: ast::Ident) -> bool {
    is_special_ident(id) || is_used_keyword(id) || is_unused_keyword(id)
}

#[derive(Clone, RustcEncodable, RustcDecodable, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
pub enum Token {
    /* Expression-operator symbols. */
    Eq,
    Lt,
    Le,
    EqEq,
    Ne,
    Ge,
    Gt,
    AndAnd,
    OrOr,
    Not,
    Tilde,
    BinOp(BinOpToken),
    BinOpEq(BinOpToken),

    /* Structural symbols */
    At,
    Dot,
    DotDot,
    DotDotDot,
    DotDotEq,
    DotEq, // HACK(durka42) never produced by the parser, only used for libproc_macro
    Comma,
    Semi,
    Colon,
    ModSep,
    RArrow,
    LArrow,
    FatArrow,
    Pound,
    Dollar,
    Question,
    /// Used by proc macros for representing lifetimes, not generated by lexer right now.
    SingleQuote,
    /// An opening delimiter, eg. `{`
    OpenDelim(DelimToken),
    /// A closing delimiter, eg. `}`
    CloseDelim(DelimToken),

    /* Literals */
    Literal(Lit, Option<ast::Name>),

    /* Name components */
    Ident(ast::Ident, /* is_raw */ bool),
    Lifetime(ast::Ident),

    // The `LazyTokenStream` is a pure function of the `Nonterminal`,
    // and so the `LazyTokenStream` can be ignored by Eq, Hash, etc.
    Interpolated(Lrc<(Nonterminal, LazyTokenStream)>),
    // Can be expanded into several tokens.
    /// Doc comment
    DocComment(ast::Name),

    // Junk. These carry no data because we don't really care about the data
    // they *would* carry, and don't really want to allocate a new ident for
    // them. Instead, users could extract that from the associated span.

    /// Whitespace
    Whitespace,
    /// Comment
    Comment,
    Shebang(ast::Name),

    Eof,
}

impl Token {
    pub fn interpolated(nt: Nonterminal) -> Token {
        Token::Interpolated(Lrc::new((nt, LazyTokenStream::new())))
    }

    /// Recovers a `Token` from an `ast::Ident`. This creates a raw identifier if necessary.
    pub fn from_ast_ident(ident: ast::Ident) -> Token {
        Ident(ident, is_raw_guess(ident))
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token starts with '>'.
    pub fn is_like_gt(&self) -> bool {
        match *self {
            BinOp(Shr) | BinOpEq(Shr) | Gt | Ge => true,
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token can appear at the start of an expression.
    pub fn can_begin_expr(&self) -> bool {
        match *self {
            Ident(ident, is_raw)              =>
                ident_can_begin_expr(ident, is_raw), // value name or keyword
            OpenDelim(..)                     | // tuple, array or block
            Literal(..)                       | // literal
            Not                               | // operator not
            BinOp(Minus)                      | // unary minus
            BinOp(Star)                       | // dereference
            BinOp(Or) | OrOr                  | // closure
            BinOp(And)                        | // reference
            AndAnd                            | // double reference
            // DotDotDot is no longer supported, but we need some way to display the error
            DotDot | DotDotDot | DotDotEq     | // range notation
            Lt | BinOp(Shl)                   | // associated path
            ModSep                            | // global path
            Lifetime(..)                      | // labeled loop
            Pound                             => true, // expression attributes
            Interpolated(ref nt) => match nt.0 {
                NtLiteral(..) |
                NtIdent(..)   |
                NtExpr(..)    |
                NtBlock(..)   |
                NtPath(..)    |
                NtLifetime(..) => true,
                _ => false,
            },
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token can appear at the start of a type.
    pub fn can_begin_type(&self) -> bool {
        match *self {
            Ident(ident, is_raw)        =>
                ident_can_begin_type(ident, is_raw), // type name or keyword
            OpenDelim(Paren)            | // tuple
            OpenDelim(Bracket)          | // array
            Not                         | // never
            BinOp(Star)                 | // raw pointer
            BinOp(And)                  | // reference
            AndAnd                      | // double reference
            Question                    | // maybe bound in trait object
            Lifetime(..)                | // lifetime bound in trait object
            Lt | BinOp(Shl)             | // associated path
            ModSep                      => true, // global path
            Interpolated(ref nt) => match nt.0 {
                NtIdent(..) | NtTy(..) | NtPath(..) | NtLifetime(..) => true,
                _ => false,
            },
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token can appear at the start of a generic bound.
    pub fn can_begin_bound(&self) -> bool {
        self.is_path_start() || self.is_lifetime() || self.is_keyword(keywords::For) ||
        self == &Question || self == &OpenDelim(Paren)
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is any literal
    pub fn is_lit(&self) -> bool {
        match *self {
            Literal(..) => true,
            _           => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is any literal, a minus (which can follow a literal,
    /// for example a '-42', or one of the boolean idents).
    pub fn can_begin_literal_or_bool(&self) -> bool {
        match *self {
            Literal(..)  => true,
            BinOp(Minus) => true,
            Ident(ident, false) if ident.name == keywords::True.name() => true,
            Ident(ident, false) if ident.name == keywords::False.name() => true,
            _            => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns an identifier if this token is an identifier.
    pub fn ident(&self) -> Option<(ast::Ident, /* is_raw */ bool)> {
        match *self {
            Ident(ident, is_raw) => Some((ident, is_raw)),
            Interpolated(ref nt) => match nt.0 {
                NtIdent(ident, is_raw) => Some((ident, is_raw)),
                _ => None,
            },
            _ => None,
        }
    }
    /// Returns a lifetime identifier if this token is a lifetime.
    pub fn lifetime(&self) -> Option<ast::Ident> {
        match *self {
            Lifetime(ident) => Some(ident),
            Interpolated(ref nt) => match nt.0 {
                NtLifetime(ident) => Some(ident),
                _ => None,
            },
            _ => None,
        }
    }
    /// Returns `true` if the token is an identifier.
    pub fn is_ident(&self) -> bool {
        self.ident().is_some()
    }
    /// Returns `true` if the token is a lifetime.
    pub fn is_lifetime(&self) -> bool {
        self.lifetime().is_some()
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is a identifier whose name is the given
    /// string slice.
    pub fn is_ident_named(&self, name: &str) -> bool {
        match self.ident() {
            Some((ident, _)) => ident.name.as_str() == name,
            None => false
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is a documentation comment.
    pub fn is_doc_comment(&self) -> bool {
        match *self {
            DocComment(..)   => true,
            _                => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is interpolated.
    pub fn is_interpolated(&self) -> bool {
        match *self {
            Interpolated(..) => true,
            _                => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is an interpolated path.
    pub fn is_path(&self) -> bool {
        if let Interpolated(ref nt) = *self {
            if let NtPath(..) = nt.0 {
                return true;
            }
        }
        false
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is either the `mut` or `const` keyword.
    pub fn is_mutability(&self) -> bool {
        self.is_keyword(keywords::Mut) ||
        self.is_keyword(keywords::Const)
    }

    pub fn is_qpath_start(&self) -> bool {
        self == &Lt || self == &BinOp(Shl)
    }

    pub fn is_path_start(&self) -> bool {
        self == &ModSep || self.is_qpath_start() || self.is_path() ||
        self.is_path_segment_keyword() || self.is_ident() && !self.is_reserved_ident()
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is a given keyword, `kw`.
    pub fn is_keyword(&self, kw: keywords::Keyword) -> bool {
        self.ident().map(|(ident, is_raw)| ident.name == kw.name() && !is_raw).unwrap_or(false)
    }

    pub fn is_path_segment_keyword(&self) -> bool {
        match self.ident() {
            Some((id, false)) => is_path_segment_keyword(id),
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    // Returns true for reserved identifiers used internally for elided lifetimes,
    // unnamed method parameters, crate root module, error recovery etc.
    pub fn is_special_ident(&self) -> bool {
        match self.ident() {
            Some((id, false)) => is_special_ident(id),
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is a keyword used in the language.
    pub fn is_used_keyword(&self) -> bool {
        match self.ident() {
            Some((id, false)) => is_used_keyword(id),
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is a keyword reserved for possible future use.
    pub fn is_unused_keyword(&self) -> bool {
        match self.ident() {
            Some((id, false)) => is_unused_keyword(id),
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` if the token is either a special identifier or a keyword.
    pub fn is_reserved_ident(&self) -> bool {
        match self.ident() {
            Some((id, false)) => is_reserved_ident(id),
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    pub fn glue(self, joint: Token) -> Option<Token> {
        Some(match self {
            Eq => match joint {
                Eq => EqEq,
                Gt => FatArrow,
                _ => return None,
            },
            Lt => match joint {
                Eq => Le,
                Lt => BinOp(Shl),
                Le => BinOpEq(Shl),
                BinOp(Minus) => LArrow,
                _ => return None,
            },
            Gt => match joint {
                Eq => Ge,
                Gt => BinOp(Shr),
                Ge => BinOpEq(Shr),
                _ => return None,
            },
            Not => match joint {
                Eq => Ne,
                _ => return None,
            },
            BinOp(op) => match joint {
                Eq => BinOpEq(op),
                BinOp(And) if op == And => AndAnd,
                BinOp(Or) if op == Or => OrOr,
                Gt if op == Minus => RArrow,
                _ => return None,
            },
            Dot => match joint {
                Dot => DotDot,
                DotDot => DotDotDot,
                DotEq => DotDotEq,
                _ => return None,
            },
            DotDot => match joint {
                Dot => DotDotDot,
                Eq => DotDotEq,
                _ => return None,
            },
            Colon => match joint {
                Colon => ModSep,
                _ => return None,
            },
            SingleQuote => match joint {
                Ident(ident, false) => Lifetime(ident),
                _ => return None,
            },

            Le | EqEq | Ne | Ge | AndAnd | OrOr | Tilde | BinOpEq(..) | At | DotDotDot | DotEq |
            DotDotEq | Comma | Semi | ModSep | RArrow | LArrow | FatArrow | Pound | Dollar |
            Question | OpenDelim(..) | CloseDelim(..) => return None,

            Literal(..) | Ident(..) | Lifetime(..) | Interpolated(..) | DocComment(..) |
            Whitespace | Comment | Shebang(..) | Eof => return None,
        })
    }

    /// Returns tokens that are likely to be typed accidentally instead of the current token.
    /// Enables better error recovery when the wrong token is found.
    pub fn similar_tokens(&self) -> Option<Vec<Token>> {
        match *self {
            Comma => Some(vec![Dot, Lt]),
            Semi => Some(vec![Colon]),
            _ => None
        }
    }

    pub fn interpolated_to_tokenstream(&self, sess: &ParseSess, span: Span)
        -> TokenStream
    {
        let nt = match *self {
            Token::Interpolated(ref nt) => nt,
            _ => panic!("only works on interpolated tokens"),
        };

        // An `Interpolated` token means that we have a `Nonterminal`
        // which is often a parsed AST item. At this point we now need
        // to convert the parsed AST to an actual token stream, e.g.
        // un-parse it basically.
        //
        // Unfortunately there's not really a great way to do that in a
        // guaranteed lossless fashion right now. The fallback here is
        // to just stringify the AST node and reparse it, but this loses
        // all span information.
        //
        // As a result, some AST nodes are annotated with the token
        // stream they came from. Here we attempt to extract these
        // lossless token streams before we fall back to the
        // stringification.
        let mut tokens = None;

        match nt.0 {
            Nonterminal::NtItem(ref item) => {
                tokens = prepend_attrs(sess, &item.attrs, item.tokens.as_ref(), span);
            }
            Nonterminal::NtTraitItem(ref item) => {
                tokens = prepend_attrs(sess, &item.attrs, item.tokens.as_ref(), span);
            }
            Nonterminal::NtImplItem(ref item) => {
                tokens = prepend_attrs(sess, &item.attrs, item.tokens.as_ref(), span);
            }
            Nonterminal::NtIdent(ident, is_raw) => {
                let token = Token::Ident(ident, is_raw);
                tokens = Some(TokenTree::Token(ident.span, token).into());
            }
            Nonterminal::NtLifetime(ident) => {
                let token = Token::Lifetime(ident);
                tokens = Some(TokenTree::Token(ident.span, token).into());
            }
            Nonterminal::NtTT(ref tt) => {
                tokens = Some(tt.clone().into());
            }
            _ => {}
        }

        let tokens_for_real = nt.1.force(|| {
            // FIXME(#43081): Avoid this pretty-print + reparse hack
            let source = pprust::token_to_string(self);
            parse_stream_from_source_str(FileName::MacroExpansion, source, sess, Some(span))
        });

        // During early phases of the compiler the AST could get modified
        // directly (e.g. attributes added or removed) and the internal cache
        // of tokens my not be invalidated or updated. Consequently if the
        // "lossless" token stream disagrees with our actual stringification
        // (which has historically been much more battle-tested) then we go
        // with the lossy stream anyway (losing span information).
        //
        // Note that the comparison isn't `==` here to avoid comparing spans,
        // but it *also* is a "probable" equality which is a pretty weird
        // definition. We mostly want to catch actual changes to the AST
        // like a `#[cfg]` being processed or some weird `macro_rules!`
        // expansion.
        //
        // What we *don't* want to catch is the fact that a user-defined
        // literal like `0xf` is stringified as `15`, causing the cached token
        // stream to not be literal `==` token-wise (ignoring spans) to the
        // token stream we got from stringification.
        //
        // Instead the "probably equal" check here is "does each token
        // recursively have the same discriminant?" We basically don't look at
        // the token values here and assume that such fine grained modifications
        // of token streams doesn't happen.
        if let Some(tokens) = tokens {
            if tokens.probably_equal_for_proc_macro(&tokens_for_real) {
                return tokens
            }
        }
        return tokens_for_real
    }

    // See comments in `interpolated_to_tokenstream` for why we care about
    // *probably* equal here rather than actual equality
    pub fn probably_equal_for_proc_macro(&self, other: &Token) -> bool {
        if mem::discriminant(self) != mem::discriminant(other) {
            return false
        }
        match (self, other) {
            (&Eq, &Eq) |
            (&Lt, &Lt) |
            (&Le, &Le) |
            (&EqEq, &EqEq) |
            (&Ne, &Ne) |
            (&Ge, &Ge) |
            (&Gt, &Gt) |
            (&AndAnd, &AndAnd) |
            (&OrOr, &OrOr) |
            (&Not, &Not) |
            (&Tilde, &Tilde) |
            (&At, &At) |
            (&Dot, &Dot) |
            (&DotDot, &DotDot) |
            (&DotDotDot, &DotDotDot) |
            (&DotDotEq, &DotDotEq) |
            (&DotEq, &DotEq) |
            (&Comma, &Comma) |
            (&Semi, &Semi) |
            (&Colon, &Colon) |
            (&ModSep, &ModSep) |
            (&RArrow, &RArrow) |
            (&LArrow, &LArrow) |
            (&FatArrow, &FatArrow) |
            (&Pound, &Pound) |
            (&Dollar, &Dollar) |
            (&Question, &Question) |
            (&Whitespace, &Whitespace) |
            (&Comment, &Comment) |
            (&Eof, &Eof) => true,

            (&BinOp(a), &BinOp(b)) |
            (&BinOpEq(a), &BinOpEq(b)) => a == b,

            (&OpenDelim(a), &OpenDelim(b)) |
            (&CloseDelim(a), &CloseDelim(b)) => a == b,

            (&DocComment(a), &DocComment(b)) |
            (&Shebang(a), &Shebang(b)) => a == b,

            (&Lifetime(a), &Lifetime(b)) => a.name == b.name,
            (&Ident(a, b), &Ident(c, d)) => a.name == c.name && b == d,

            (&Literal(ref a, b), &Literal(ref c, d)) => {
                b == d && a.probably_equal_for_proc_macro(c)
            }

            (&Interpolated(_), &Interpolated(_)) => false,

            _ => panic!("forgot to add a token?"),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, RustcEncodable, RustcDecodable, Eq, Hash)]
/// For interpolation during macro expansion.
pub enum Nonterminal {
    NtItem(P<ast::Item>),
    NtBlock(P<ast::Block>),
    NtStmt(ast::Stmt),
    NtPat(P<ast::Pat>),
    NtExpr(P<ast::Expr>),
    NtTy(P<ast::Ty>),
    NtIdent(ast::Ident, /* is_raw */ bool),
    NtLifetime(ast::Ident),
    NtLiteral(P<ast::Expr>),
    /// Stuff inside brackets for attributes
    NtMeta(ast::MetaItem),
    NtPath(ast::Path),
    NtVis(ast::Visibility),
    NtTT(TokenTree),
    // These are not exposed to macros, but are used by quasiquote.
    NtArm(ast::Arm),
    NtImplItem(ast::ImplItem),
    NtTraitItem(ast::TraitItem),
    NtForeignItem(ast::ForeignItem),
    NtGenerics(ast::Generics),
    NtWhereClause(ast::WhereClause),
    NtArg(ast::Arg),
}

impl PartialEq for Nonterminal {
    fn eq(&self, rhs: &Self) -> bool {
        match (self, rhs) {
            (NtIdent(ident_lhs, is_raw_lhs), NtIdent(ident_rhs, is_raw_rhs)) =>
                ident_lhs == ident_rhs && is_raw_lhs == is_raw_rhs,
            (NtLifetime(ident_lhs), NtLifetime(ident_rhs)) => ident_lhs == ident_rhs,
            (NtTT(tt_lhs), NtTT(tt_rhs)) => tt_lhs == tt_rhs,
            // FIXME: Assume that all "complex" nonterminal are not equal, we can't compare them
            // correctly based on data from AST. This will prevent them from matching each other
            // in macros. The comparison will become possible only when each nonterminal has an
            // attached token stream from which it was parsed.
            _ => false,
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for Nonterminal {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        match *self {
            NtItem(..) => f.pad("NtItem(..)"),
            NtBlock(..) => f.pad("NtBlock(..)"),
            NtStmt(..) => f.pad("NtStmt(..)"),
            NtPat(..) => f.pad("NtPat(..)"),
            NtExpr(..) => f.pad("NtExpr(..)"),
            NtTy(..) => f.pad("NtTy(..)"),
            NtIdent(..) => f.pad("NtIdent(..)"),
            NtLiteral(..) => f.pad("NtLiteral(..)"),
            NtMeta(..) => f.pad("NtMeta(..)"),
            NtPath(..) => f.pad("NtPath(..)"),
            NtTT(..) => f.pad("NtTT(..)"),
            NtArm(..) => f.pad("NtArm(..)"),
            NtImplItem(..) => f.pad("NtImplItem(..)"),
            NtTraitItem(..) => f.pad("NtTraitItem(..)"),
            NtForeignItem(..) => f.pad("NtForeignItem(..)"),
            NtGenerics(..) => f.pad("NtGenerics(..)"),
            NtWhereClause(..) => f.pad("NtWhereClause(..)"),
            NtArg(..) => f.pad("NtArg(..)"),
            NtVis(..) => f.pad("NtVis(..)"),
            NtLifetime(..) => f.pad("NtLifetime(..)"),
        }
    }
}

pub fn is_op(tok: &Token) -> bool {
    match *tok {
        OpenDelim(..) | CloseDelim(..) | Literal(..) | DocComment(..) |
        Ident(..) | Lifetime(..) | Interpolated(..) |
        Whitespace | Comment | Shebang(..) | Eof => false,
        _ => true,
    }
}

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct LazyTokenStream(Lock<Option<TokenStream>>);

impl cmp::Eq for LazyTokenStream {}
impl PartialEq for LazyTokenStream {
    fn eq(&self, _other: &LazyTokenStream) -> bool {
        true
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for LazyTokenStream {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        fmt::Debug::fmt(&self.clone().0.into_inner(), f)
    }
}

impl LazyTokenStream {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        LazyTokenStream(Lock::new(None))
    }

    pub fn force<F: FnOnce() -> TokenStream>(&self, f: F) -> TokenStream {
        let mut opt_stream = self.0.lock();
        if opt_stream.is_none() {
            *opt_stream = Some(f());
        }
        opt_stream.clone().unwrap()
    }
}

impl Encodable for LazyTokenStream {
    fn encode<S: Encoder>(&self, _: &mut S) -> Result<(), S::Error> {
        Ok(())
    }
}

impl Decodable for LazyTokenStream {
    fn decode<D: Decoder>(_: &mut D) -> Result<LazyTokenStream, D::Error> {
        Ok(LazyTokenStream::new())
    }
}

impl ::std::hash::Hash for LazyTokenStream {
    fn hash<H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _hasher: &mut H) {}
}

fn prepend_attrs(sess: &ParseSess,
                 attrs: &[ast::Attribute],
                 tokens: Option<&tokenstream::TokenStream>,
                 span: syntax_pos::Span)
    -> Option<tokenstream::TokenStream>
{
    let tokens = tokens?;
    if attrs.len() == 0 {
        return Some(tokens.clone())
    }
    let mut builder = tokenstream::TokenStreamBuilder::new();
    for attr in attrs {
        assert_eq!(attr.style, ast::AttrStyle::Outer,
                   "inner attributes should prevent cached tokens from existing");
        // FIXME: Avoid this pretty-print + reparse hack as bove
        let name = FileName::MacroExpansion;
        let source = pprust::attr_to_string(attr);
        let stream = parse_stream_from_source_str(name, source, sess, Some(span));
        builder.push(stream);
    }
    builder.push(tokens.clone());
    Some(builder.build())
}