diff --git a/src/Testcontainers/Builders/MTlsEndpointAuthenticationProvider.cs b/src/Testcontainers/Builders/MTlsEndpointAuthenticationProvider.cs
index 3f203c01d..f106b7599 100644
--- a/src/Testcontainers/Builders/MTlsEndpointAuthenticationProvider.cs
+++ b/src/Testcontainers/Builders/MTlsEndpointAuthenticationProvider.cs
@@ -7,19 +7,11 @@ namespace DotNet.Testcontainers.Builders
   using Docker.DotNet.X509;
   using DotNet.Testcontainers.Configurations;
   using JetBrains.Annotations;
-  using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto;
-  using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Parameters;
-  using Org.BouncyCastle.OpenSsl;
-  using Org.BouncyCastle.Pkcs;
-  using Org.BouncyCastle.Security;
-  using Org.BouncyCastle.X509;
 
   /// <inheritdoc cref="IDockerRegistryAuthenticationProvider" />
   [PublicAPI]
   internal sealed class MTlsEndpointAuthenticationProvider : TlsEndpointAuthenticationProvider
   {
-    private static readonly X509CertificateParser CertificateParser = new X509CertificateParser();
-
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="MTlsEndpointAuthenticationProvider" /> class.
     /// </summary>
@@ -57,57 +49,15 @@ protected override X509Certificate2 GetClientCertificate()
     {
       var clientCertificateFilePath = Path.Combine(CertificatesDirectoryPath, ClientCertificateFileName);
       var clientCertificateKeyFilePath = Path.Combine(CertificatesDirectoryPath, ClientCertificateKeyFileName);
-      return CreateFromPemFile(clientCertificateFilePath, clientCertificateKeyFilePath);
-    }
-
-    private static X509Certificate2 CreateFromPemFile(string certPemFilePath, string keyPemFilePath)
-    {
-      if (!File.Exists(certPemFilePath))
-      {
-        throw new FileNotFoundException(certPemFilePath);
-      }
-
-      if (!File.Exists(keyPemFilePath))
-      {
-        throw new FileNotFoundException(keyPemFilePath);
-      }
-
-      using (var keyPairStream = new StreamReader(keyPemFilePath))
-      {
-        var store = new Pkcs12StoreBuilder().Build();
-
-        var certificate = CertificateParser.ReadCertificate(File.ReadAllBytes(certPemFilePath));
-
-        var password = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("D");
 
-        var keyObject = new PemReader(keyPairStream).ReadObject();
-
-        var certificateEntry = new X509CertificateEntry(certificate);
-
-        var keyParameter = ResolveKeyParameter(keyObject);
-
-        var keyEntry = new AsymmetricKeyEntry(keyParameter);
-        store.SetKeyEntry(certificate.SubjectDN + "_key", keyEntry, new[] { certificateEntry });
-
-        using (var certificateStream = new MemoryStream())
-        {
-          store.Save(certificateStream, password.ToCharArray(), new SecureRandom());
-          return new X509Certificate2(Pkcs12Utilities.ConvertToDefiniteLength(certificateStream.ToArray()), password);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    private static AsymmetricKeyParameter ResolveKeyParameter(object keyObject)
-    {
-      switch (keyObject)
-      {
-        case AsymmetricCipherKeyPair ackp:
-          return ackp.Private;
-        case RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters rpckp:
-          return rpckp;
-        default:
-          throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(keyObject), $"Unsupported asymmetric key entry encountered while trying to resolve key from input object '{keyObject.GetType()}'.");
-      }
+#if NETSTANDARD
+      return Polyfills.X509Certificate2.CreateFromPemFile(clientCertificateFilePath, clientCertificateKeyFilePath);
+#else
+      var certificate = X509Certificate2.CreateFromPemFile(clientCertificateFilePath, clientCertificateKeyFilePath);
+      // The certificate must be exported to PFX on Windows to avoid "No credentials are available in the security package":
+      // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72096812/loading-x509certificate2-from-pem-file-results-in-no-credentials-are-available/72101855#72101855.
+      return OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? new X509Certificate2(certificate.Export(X509ContentType.Pfx)) : certificate;
+#endif
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/Testcontainers/Polyfills/X509Certificate2.cs b/src/Testcontainers/Polyfills/X509Certificate2.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bcbb0da00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Testcontainers/Polyfills/X509Certificate2.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#if NETSTANDARD
+namespace DotNet.Testcontainers.Polyfills
+{
+  using System;
+  using System.IO;
+  using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto;
+  using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Parameters;
+  using Org.BouncyCastle.OpenSsl;
+  using Org.BouncyCastle.Pkcs;
+  using Org.BouncyCastle.Security;
+  using Org.BouncyCastle.X509;
+
+  public static class X509Certificate2
+  {
+    private static readonly X509CertificateParser CertificateParser = new X509CertificateParser();
+
+    public static System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 CreateFromPemFile(string certPemFilePath, string keyPemFilePath)
+    {
+      if (!File.Exists(certPemFilePath))
+      {
+        throw new FileNotFoundException(certPemFilePath);
+      }
+
+      if (!File.Exists(keyPemFilePath))
+      {
+        throw new FileNotFoundException(keyPemFilePath);
+      }
+
+      using (var keyPairStream = new StreamReader(keyPemFilePath))
+      {
+        var store = new Pkcs12StoreBuilder().Build();
+
+        var certificate = CertificateParser.ReadCertificate(File.ReadAllBytes(certPemFilePath));
+
+        var password = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("D");
+
+        var keyObject = new PemReader(keyPairStream).ReadObject();
+
+        var certificateEntry = new X509CertificateEntry(certificate);
+
+        var keyParameter = ResolveKeyParameter(keyObject);
+
+        var keyEntry = new AsymmetricKeyEntry(keyParameter);
+        store.SetKeyEntry(certificate.SubjectDN + "_key", keyEntry, new[] { certificateEntry });
+
+        using (var certificateStream = new MemoryStream())
+        {
+          store.Save(certificateStream, password.ToCharArray(), new SecureRandom());
+          return new System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2(Pkcs12Utilities.ConvertToDefiniteLength(certificateStream.ToArray()), password);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    private static AsymmetricKeyParameter ResolveKeyParameter(object keyObject)
+    {
+      switch (keyObject)
+      {
+        case AsymmetricCipherKeyPair ackp:
+          return ackp.Private;
+        case RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters rpckp:
+          return rpckp;
+        default:
+          throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(keyObject), $"Unsupported asymmetric key entry encountered while trying to resolve key from input object '{keyObject.GetType()}'.");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/src/Testcontainers/Testcontainers.csproj b/src/Testcontainers/Testcontainers.csproj
index 12f06cd47..7280cbb10 100644
--- a/src/Testcontainers/Testcontainers.csproj
+++ b/src/Testcontainers/Testcontainers.csproj
@@ -6,14 +6,16 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <PackageReference Include="JetBrains.Annotations" VersionOverride="2023.3.0" PrivateAssets="All"/>
-    <PackageReference Include="BouncyCastle.Cryptography"/>
     <PackageReference Include="Docker.DotNet.X509"/>
     <PackageReference Include="Docker.DotNet"/>
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Bcl.AsyncInterfaces"/>
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Bcl.HashCode"/>
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions"/>
     <PackageReference Include="SharpZipLib"/>
     <PackageReference Include="SSH.NET"/>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup Condition="$(TargetFrameworkIdentifier) == '.NETStandard'">
+    <PackageReference Include="BouncyCastle.Cryptography"/>
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Bcl.AsyncInterfaces"/>
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Bcl.HashCode"/>
     <PackageReference Include="System.Text.Json"/>
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
diff --git a/tests/Testcontainers.Tests/Testcontainers.Tests.csproj b/tests/Testcontainers.Tests/Testcontainers.Tests.csproj
index 21b9b100f..caa03761c 100644
--- a/tests/Testcontainers.Tests/Testcontainers.Tests.csproj
+++ b/tests/Testcontainers.Tests/Testcontainers.Tests.csproj
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk"/>
+    <PackageReference Include="BouncyCastle.Cryptography"/>
     <PackageReference Include="coverlet.collector"/>
     <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio"/>
     <PackageReference Include="xunit"/>