apacheGH-39069: [C++][FS][Azure] Use the generic filesystem tests (apache#40567)

### Rationale for this change

We should provide common spec for all filesystem API.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Enable the generic filesystem tests.

### Are these changes tested?

Yes.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No.
* GitHub Issue: apache#39069

Authored-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>

Author: kou

cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/azurefs.cc

@@ -2898,6 +2898,7 @@ class AzureFileSystem::Impl {
     }
     auto src_url = GetBlobClient(src.container, src.path).GetUrl() + sas_token;
     auto dest_blob_client = GetBlobClient(dest.container, dest.path);
+    auto src_url = GetBlobClient(src.container, src.path).GetUrl();
     if (!dest.path.empty()) {
       auto dest_parent = dest.parent();
       if (!dest_parent.path.empty()) {

cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/azurefs_test.cc

@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ class TestGeneric : public ::testing::Test, public GenericFileSystemTest {
   bool allow_move_dir() const override { return false; }
   bool allow_move_file() const override { return true; }
   bool allow_append_to_file() const override { return true; }
-  bool have_directory_mtimes() const override { return true; }
+  bool have_directory_mtimes() const override { return false; }
   bool have_flaky_directory_tree_deletion() const override { return false; }
   bool have_file_metadata() const override { return true; }
   // calloc() used in libxml2's xmlNewGlobalState() is detected as a
@@ -429,8 +429,6 @@ class TestAzuriteGeneric : public TestGeneric {
  protected:
   // Azurite doesn't support moving files over containers.
   bool allow_move_file() const override { return false; }
-  // Azurite doesn't support directory mtime.
-  bool have_directory_mtimes() const override { return false; }
   // DeleteDir() doesn't work with Azurite on macOS
   bool have_flaky_directory_tree_deletion() const override {
     return env_->HasSubmitBatchBug();
@@ -451,8 +449,6 @@ class TestAzureFlatNSGeneric : public TestGeneric {
  protected:
   // Flat namespace account doesn't support moving files over containers.
   bool allow_move_file() const override { return false; }
-  // Flat namespace account doesn't support directory mtime.
-  bool have_directory_mtimes() const override { return false; }
 };
 
 class TestAzureHierarchicalNSGeneric : public TestGeneric {

cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/test_util.cc

@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ void GenericFileSystemTest::TestGetFileInfoSelector(FileSystem* fs) {
 }
 
 void GenericFileSystemTest::TestGetFileInfoGenerator(FileSystem* fs) {
-#if defined(ADDRESS_SANITIZER) || defined(ARROW_VALGRIND)
+#ifdef ADDRESS_SANITIZER
   if (have_false_positive_memory_leak_with_generator()) {
     GTEST_SKIP() << "Filesystem have false positive memory leak with generator";
   }